Telephones - A History - The First Construction

In this next part in our series on the history of thegiven a patent in 1891 for his first automatic
telephone, we're going to pick up with thetelephone exchange.The very first exchange that
construction of the first regular telephone line.Afterused the Strowger Switch was set up in La Porte,
Bell's completion of the telephone in 1876 the nextIndiana in 1892. At first, subscribers to the service
step was making it so that this invention could behad a button on their telephone that produced the
used by everybody. So in 1877, construction of therequired number of pulses by tapping on it. It wasn't
first regular telephone line, which ran from Boston tountil 1896 that one of Strowger's assistants invented
Somerville, Massachusetts, was finished. By the endthe rotary dial. This ultimately replaced the button
of 1880 there were over 47,900 telephones in theand is still in use on telephones today, mostly for
United States and in 1881 a telephone service fromnovelty purposes. In 1943, Philadelphia was the last
Boston to Providence was set up. Then in 1892, theycity to give up dual service for both button and pulse
started a service between New York and Chicago.dialling.The first touch tone system, which used tones
Two years later, in 1894, a service began betweenin the voice frequency range instead of pulses used
New York and Boston but it wasn't until 1915 thatby rotary dials, was installed in Baltimore, Maryland in
transcontinental service by overhead wire was1941. Operators in a central switching office pushed
created. Backtracking a bit, the first switchboard,the buttons to make this work. The problem was, it
what we now call 411 service, was set up in Bostonwas just too expensive for general use by the public,
in 1877. Then on January 17, 1882, Leroy Firman gotbut the Bell Telephone Company, named after the
his first patent for a telephone switchboard.The firstman credited with the invention of the phone, was
telephone exchange was set up in New Haven instill interested in the touch tone system because it
1878. The first telephones were leased to people inincreased the speed of dialling.The answer to this
pairs. Each person was required to put up his own lineproblem came in the 1960s when low cost transistors
in order to connect with another. Finally, in 1889, aand circuit components made the cost effective use
Kansas City undertaker by the name of Almon B.of touch tone telephones in a person's home a real
Strowger invented a switch that could connect onepossibility. Through much testing, positioning of the
line to any one of 100 lines using a series of relaysbuttons limited errors and increased dialling speed
and sliders. This switch came to be known as theeven more. The touch tone phone got its big
Strowger Switch and it was still being used bypreview at the 1962 Seattle World's Fair, where it
telephone offices over 100 years later. Strowger waswas a huge success.