Understanding Options For Negotiating Misdemeanor Charges

Ithaca, NY is a collegetown located almost four hoursDisorderly conduct covers a wide range of unlawful
from New York City. Sometimes student behaviorconduct, behavior, and activities.
results in criminal charges. Some might call it hijinksDisorderly Conduct, Under Penal Law 240.20, has
(merrymaking), or shenanigans (according tomany subdivisions. According to the Penal Law, a
Wikipeida: Shenanigans are trickery, mischief, orperson is guilty of this violation when, "with intent to
underhanded actions), or as I call it "what were theycause public inconvenience, annoyance or alarm, or
thinking?" What often seems like a good idea atrecklessly creating a risk thereof," a person does one
3:00AM makes no sense in the light of morning.of the following:
Yeah Ithaca College and Cornell University students(1) Engages in fighting or in violent, tumultuous or
sometimes unwind from the stress of studies inthreatening behavior;
interesting ways. In my youth, I was a fraternity(2) Makes unreasonable noise;
member. So when things happen, as they often do,(3) Uses obscene or abusive language or obscene
at the wee hours of morning, when brain cells aregestures in a public place;
not fully engaged students wake up with various(4) Disturbs a lawful assembly or meeting of persons
criminal charges.without any lawful authority;
These students are usually facing misdemeanor(5) Obstructs vehicular or pedestrian traffic;
charges. A criminal conviction would stay on their(6) Congregates with others in a public place and
permanent record forever. New York Staterefuses to comply with police requests;
unfortunately does not have an expungement(7) Creates a hazardous condition or physically
statute. Many of these first time offenders justoffensive condition by any act which serves no
made a bad decision and/or judgement call.legitimate purpose.
Depending upon the facts and circumstances of theWhat are the advantages to a plea to Disorderly
incident, for first timers (to the Court system) theseConduct (a violation) versus a plea to a Criminal
types of charges can usually be negotiated to aMisdemeanor?
non-criminal disposition or a dismissal.1. A Violation is not considered a criminal disposition or
There are a few different options for negotiating andconviction. It is a non-criminal disposition.
thus mitigating the misdemeanor to something less2. A person who is convicted, by plea or trial, of a
harmful. Barring prior client criminal history or otherviolation is entitled to have the record sealed.
extenuating circumstances of the crime charged the3. A person who is convicted, by plea or trial, of a
Court and the Prosecutor will usually seek an amicableviolation is entitled to have their fingerprints and any
resolution option.photographs (mug shots) returned.
One such option is an ACD. An ACD is a diversionary4. Disorderly conduct is a "non-printable" charge for
disposition. It is a Court Adjournment of the matterwhich fingerprints are not required.
(for 6 months) in Contemplation of Dismissal. In other5. A person who is convicted of a violation is entitled
words, if the offender does not get into any furtherto have that statewide record kept confidential. In
trouble with the law over that six month time periodother words, no statewide search by the Office of
the charges will be dismissed by the Court. An ACD isCourt Administration of electronic records can be
almost as good as an outright dismissal of thedisseminated to the public of a Violation once it is
charges, your only condition being avoidance policesealed.
involvement in your life over the specified timeNote however that the actual paper records kept in
period.a City or Town's Criminal Court are not sealed, and
If the facts and circumstances of the offense chargethe public does have access to the physical record in
involve more serious allegations then the Prosecutionthe clerk's office. Someone could physically go to that
and the Court will not usually agree to an ACD. Theparticular City, Town, or Village Court and find your
charges may still be at the misdemeanor level ofrecords.
crime, but they may involve violence, or a pattern ofA Disorderly Conduct plea can be a practical
drug abuse, or harm to people or property. Theseresolution and compromise to having a trial. Trials
cases are naturally dealt with more harshly by thealways involve a degree of risk. The risk of losing at
prosecutors and the Court. Their concern for thetrial (and being found guilty of a misdemeanor) usually
general public is understandable.far outweigh the benefits of pleaing to a violation.
In these situations a second possible option is aFor the all following reasons, when prosecutors and
negotiated plea to Disorderly Conduct. Commonlydefense lawyers negotiate pleas to violations it helps
called a "Discon" in criminal Court parlance. Disorderlyclients avoid the lifetime consequences of a
conduct is not a crime, it is considered under theconviction for a crime that they were alleged to have
Penal Law to be a Violation.committed.